This is the Free Plumbing Review Guide 2022 (Part 2) and here are the different plumbing terms to study and remember.
E. SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM, REFUSE AND HANDLING
- SEPTIC TANK. A receptacle or water-tight vault is used to collect organic waste discharge from the house sewer and designed and constructed so as to separate solids from the liquid, digest the organic matter through a period of detention, and allow the effluent to discharge into a storm drain.
- CATCH BASIN. A receptacle in which liquids are retained for a sufficient period of time to deposit ‘settleable’ materials.
- PUBLIC SEWER MAIN. A public sanitary waste disposal system consists of a treatment unit that conveys the raw waste to the disposal system.
- A common way of disposing of solids is by INCINERATION. This is a controlled burning of combustible waste. This can be an effective waste reduction method for 70 percent of all municipal waste. If this is operated properly, it can reduce bulk by 90 to 95 percent. Ash left over is generally disposed off in a landfill.
- Another method of disposing of municipal solid wastes is by dumping refuse at a pre-planned site, compacted and covered with a layer of earth. This method is called a
SANITARY LANDFILL. - When garbage from different floors of a high-rise building is disposed off from an opening and is directly led to the basement garbage bin. This is called the RUBBISH CHUTES.
- GARBAGE DISPOSER. This is a contraption inverted to dispose of leftovers straight from the kitchen sink. Simply turn on the faucet, flick the power switch and place the leftovers such as bones, fruit pits, rotten vegetables, spoiled bones and washed down the drain pipes.
- After the ground preparation, a LINER should be laid out on the area enclosed for the sanitary landfill. The main purpose is to prevent the seepage of leachate (dirty water, to cause liquid to percolate) deep down to the groundwater strata. This consists of soil or composite material such as synthetic plastic or asphalt sheets.
- TRENCH METHOD. A method of landfill wherein a tractor digs a trench with a bulldozer blade and trucks dump the refuse to it. Then the tractor compacts the refuse thoroughly and covers it with the earth that was dug up earlier. This method is primarily used on ground level.
- AREA METHOD. This method of landfill is generally
used on rolling terrain where the existing slope of the land can be used as a basin. In this method, trucks deposit refuse over the selected area. Huge, heavy tractors with special compacting wheels press down the refuse. Then the refuse is covered with earth hauled in from elsewhere. - Collection of human wastes is done by elaborate systems to carry most liquid sewage to WATER TREATMENT PLANTS, where the sewage undergoes a series of treatment steps to remove polluting materials and biological and chemical contaminants that can harm human health or ecological systems. The first stage is the trapping or screening of coarse suspended matter into a grit chamber. Then the use of aerobic microorganisms to break down the organic matter left in the sewage is called biological oxidation. Then the third phase, chemical treatments are used to remove undesirable constituents that remain. What results is drinking quality water.
- BIDET. A fixture that appears like a water closet, since
a person sits down on it. But it is designed as a combination lavatory that can plug the drain and collect hot & cold water, with an inverted water sprayer to clear the most delicate and well-guarded parts of the body.
F. MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS
- What determines the size of a leaching field? PERCOLATION TEST
- What is an important concern in the private water supply?
HARDNESS - What part of the water supply design is affected by building height? STATIC HEAD
- Statements:
- Correct
- Dry pipe sprinkler systems are more efficient than wet pipe systems.
- The hazard classification does not necessarily affect sprinkler layout.
- Correct
- The pressure in a city water main is (0.39273 MPa). If the pressure loss through piping, fittings, and the water meter has been calculated as 231 psi (o.15847 MPa) and the highest fixture requires 12 psi (0.08268 MPa) to operate, what is the maximum height the fixture can be above the water main? 50 FEET (15M)
- You have been retained by a client to design a house in a
suburban location. The nearest water main is one block
away (about 1000M) and the city has no plans to extend the line in the near future. City and county regulations do permit the drilling of wells. What should you recommend your client regarding water supply? ESTIMATE THE COST OF EXTENDING THE MUNICIPAL LINE, SINCE THE WATER QUALITY IS KNOWN AND IT WOULD ENSURE A LONG-TERM SUPPLY. CONSULT WITH NEARBY PROPERTY OWNERS WHO PLAN TO BUILD IN THE AREA TO SEE IF THEY WOULD BE WILLING TO SHARE THE COST OF EXTENDING THE LINE. - Which statements about drainage are correct?
- Correct:
- Vents help prevent the drainage of water from traps.
- The house drain cannot also be called the building sewer.
- Cleanouts are always a necessary part of a drainage system.
- Correct:
- Water hammer most often occurs when:
WATER SUDDENLY STOPS WHEN THE FLOW IS TURNED OFF. - One component of a plumbing system that every building has is a: STACK VENT
- Select the incorrect statements:
- Correct:
- Several types of plastic can be used for cold water piping, but only PVDC is used for hot water supply where allowed by local codes.
- Steel pipe is more labor intensive and requires more space than copper pipes in plumbing chases.
- ABS is suitable for water supply.
- Correct: