ESSENTIAL PARTS OF PLUMBING SYSTEM (SANITARY DRAINAGE)
HOUSE SEWER OR BUILDING SEWER – That horizontal run of pipe, starting from 5’ outside the building receives the sewage from the house drain or building and conveys the same to the sewer main or approved point of disposal.
HOUSE DRAIN OR BUILDING DRAIN -The lowest horizontal run of pipe inside the building which receives the discharge from fixtures and other branches and conveys the same to the house or building sewer.
PRIMARY BRANCH -The Primary Brach of a building drain is the single sloping drain from the base of a stack up to its junction with the main building drain or with other branches. The primary branch is also called a Lateral.
SECONDARY BRANCH -That horizontal run of pipe emanating from a fixture or group of fixtures up to its junction with the primary branch.
HORIZONTAL BRANCH -That t horizontal run of pipe, which receives the distance from the fixture and conveys the same to the stack.
BRANCH INTERVAL -That length of pipe of a stack no less than eight feet receives the discharge from the horizontal branch.
SOIL STACK -The vertical run of pipe, which receives the discharge from the fixture without fecal matter.
WASTE STACK -That vertical matter run of pipe, which receives the discharge from fixtures without fecal matter.
LATERAL – In lateral plumbing – a secondary pipeline. In sewerage – a common sewer to which no other common sewer is tributary. It receives sewage only from building sewer.
FIXTURE DRAIN -The drain from the trap of the fixture to the junction of the fixture to the drain of the pipe.
SPECIAL WASTE OR INDIRECT WASTE PIPE – Waste water pipe from fixtures or appliances which is allowed to discharge into a properly vented fixture and with no direct connection with the drainage system.
PLUMBING CODE: DEFINITION OF TERMS
ALLEY – any public space, Public Park, or thoroughfare less than three (3) meters but not less than two (2) meters in width which has been dedicated or deeded to the public for public use.
ALTER OR ALTERATION – any change, addition, or modification in construction or occupancy. (Change or repair)
APPROVED – accepted or acceptable under an applicable specification stated or cited in this Code, or accepted as suitable for the proposed use under procedures and powers at the authority.
AUTHORITY – Authority in this Code is meant to be the individual official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by the office of the President (R.A. No.1378) to administer and enforce the provisions of this National Plumbing Code as adopted or amended. (Prof. Sanitary Engineering) – Plans and specs, (Master Plumber)
BACKFLOW – The flow of water into a water supply system from a source other than its regular source. Back siphonage is one type of backflow.
BACK PRESSURE – Air pressure in drainage pipes is greater than atmospheric pressure.
BACK VENT PIPE – the part of a vent line which connects directly with an individual trap underneath or behind the fixture and extends to the branch or main, soil, or waste pipe at any point higher than the fixture or fixture trap it serves. This is sometimes called an individual vent.
BALL COCK – A faucet opened or closed by the fall or rise of a ball floating on the surface of the water.
BALL JOINT – A connection in which a ball is held in a cuplike shell that allows movement in every direction.
BATTERY OF FIXTURES – The battery of fixtures is any of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal soil branch.
BELL OR HUB – That portion of a pipe that for a short distance, is sufficiently enlarged to receive the end of another pipe of the same diameter for the purpose of making a joint.
BENDING PIN (OR IRON) – A tool used for straightening or expanding lead pipe.
BIBB – Synonymous with faucet is preferred. Faucet or Spigot.
BIDET – A plumbing fixture used for washing the middle part of the body, especially the genitals. Also a sitz bath (Used to wash posterior parts of the body).
BLANK FLANGE – A flange that is not drilled.
BLIND FLANGE – A flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of water. (Used for black iron pipes).
BLOW OFF – A controlled outlet on a pipeline used to discharge water or detritus. (In Sanitary house trap).
BRANCH – A branch is any part of a piping system other than the main, riser, or stack.
MWSS – Installation of national local waterworks.
DPWH – For installation & excavation
NAMPAP – National Master Plumbers Association of the Philippines
ASTM – American Standard Testing Materials
IAPMO – International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Official
BRANCH INTERVAL – A length of soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height, but in no case less than eight (8) feet, within which the horizontal branches from one floor or story of a building are connected to the stack.
BRANCH VENT – A vent pipe connecting from a branch of the drainage system to a vent stack.
BUILDING – any structure built, erected, and framed of component structural parts designed for the housing, shelter, enclosure, or support of persons, animals, or property of any kind.
BUILDING SUBDRAIN -That portion of a drainage system that cannot drain by gravity into the building sewer. ( Any piping system which needed to be elevated from the basement to the N.G.L.)
CAULKING – Plugging an opening with oakum, lead, or other materials that are pounded into place. Also, the material that is pounded into the opening.
CAP – A fitting into which the end of a pipe is screwed for the purpose of closing the end of the pipe.
CATCH BASIN – A receptacle in which liquids are retained for a sufficient period to deposit settleable material.
CESSPOOL – A pit for the reception or detention of sewage.
CHECK VALVE – A valve that automatically closes to prevent the flow of water in the reverse direction. (Prevents reverse flow)
CIRCUIT VENT – A group vent extending from in front of the last fixture connection on a horizontal branch to the vent stack. See also loop vent. (Loop vent, Branch vent)
CONDUCTOR, LEADER, OR DOWNSPOUT – A vertical pipe to convey rainwater.
CONTINUOUS VENT – a vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain, to which the vent connects. (or VSTR)
CORPORATION COCK – A stop valve placed in a service pipe close to its connection with a water main.
COURT – an open, unoccupied space bounded on two (2) or more sides by the walls of the buildings. An inner court is a court entirely within the exterior walls of a building. All other courts are outer courts.
CROSS CONNECTION – Any physical connection or arrangement of pipes between two otherwise separate building water-supply pipes or a system through which or by means of which water supply may flow from one system to the other, the direction of flow depending on the pressure differential between the two systems.
DEAD END – The extended portion of a pipe that is closed at one end to which no connections are made on the extended portion, thus permitting the stagnation of water or air therein. (Water hammer arrester or air gap or air chamber).
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH -The length along the center line of the pipe and the fittings.
DIAMETER – “Diameter” of a pipe or tube shall mean the nominal internal diameter (I.D.) of such pipe; except for brass and copper tubing wherein the term shall mean the outside diameter (O.D.) of tubing.
DOMESTIC SEWAGE – See sanitary sewage.
DOUBLE-BEND FITTING – A pipe fitting shaped like the letter “S”.
DOUBLE OFFSET – Two offsets in succession or in series in the same line.
DOWNSPOUT – The vertical portion of a rainwater conductor.
DRAIN – A sewer or other pipe or conduit used for conveying groundwater, surface water, stormwater, or sewage.
DRAINAGE SYSTEM -The drainage pipes of a plumbing system take the water from the plumbing fixtures and deliver it to the sewer or some other outlet. The drainage pipes must be gas-light, and water-light. The passage of air, odors, or vitamin from the sewer into the building must be prevented.
DRY VENT – A vent that does not carry water or water-borne wastes.
DUAL VENT – See unit vent.
EXISTING WORK – The term “existing work” shall apply to those portions of the plumbing system which have been installed and approved prior to the contemplated additions, collections, or corrections.
FAMILY – Family is one person living alone or a group of two (2) or more persons living together, whether related to each other by birth or not.
FAUCET – A valve on a water pipe by means of which water can be drawn from or held within the pipe. The valve is placed on the end of the pipe.
FERRULE – A metallic sleeve, called or otherwise, joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe.
FIXTURE – A receptacle attached to a plumbing system other than a trap in which water or wastes may be collected or retained for ultimate discharge into the plumbing system.
FIXTURE BRANCH – The supply pipe between the fixture and the water distributing pipe.
FIXTURE DRAIN – The drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of the drain with any other drain pipe.
FIXTURE UNIT – One fixture unit is equivalent to a flow rate of one (1) cubic foot of water per minute or seven and a half (71/2) gallons of water per minute.
FLASHING – A piece of sheet metal fitted under another piece of flat metal or wood over which water is expected to run.
FLOOD LEVEL – The level in a fixture at which water begins to overflow the top or rim of the fixture.
FLOOR AREA – The area included within the surrounding walls of a building (or portion thereof), exclusive of vent shafts and courts.
FLUSH VALVE – A valve used for flushing a fixture by using water directly from the water supply pipes or in connection with a special flush tank.
GATE VALVE – A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disk, fitting against machine-smoothed faces, at right angles to the direction of flow. The disk is raised or lowered by means of a threaded stem connected to the handle of the valve. The opening in the valve is usually as large as the full bore of the pipe.
GLOBE VALVE – A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disk that fits against the valve seat. The plane of movement of the disk is parallel to the normal direction of the flow of water, which is turned through a tortuous passage to direct the flow normal to the face of the disk.
GOOSENECK – A return bend of a small-sized pipe one end of which is about one (1) foot long and the other end is about three (3) inches long. It is commonly used as a faucet for a pantry sink. Also, the lead connection between a service pipe and a water main.
GRADE – The slope or fall of a line of pipe in reference to a horizontal plane is usually expressed in percent.
GROUND WATER – The water that is standing in or passing through the ground.
GROUP VENT – A branch vent that performs its function for two (2) or more traps.
HEIGHT OF BUILDING – The vertical distance from the “Grade Line” to the highest point of the coping of a flat roof or to the deck line of a mansard roof or to the average height of the highest gable of a pitch or hip-roof.
HORIZONTAL BRANCH – A branch drain extending laterally from a soil or waste stack, with or without vertical sections or branches, that receives the discharge from one or more fixture drains and conducts it to the soil or waste stack or to the building drain.
HOUSE DRAIN – part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside of buildings and conveys it to the house sewer.
HOUSE STORM SEWER – A house storm sewer is a pipeline from the building to the public storm sewer system.
INDIRECT WASTE PIPE – A waste pipe that does not connect directly with the building drainage system but discharges into it through a properly trapped fixture or receptacle.
INDIVIDUAL VENT – See back vent.
INDUSTRIAL WASTES – Industrial waste is liquid waste resulting from the processes employed in industrial establishments and is free from fecal matter.
INSANITARY – Contrary to sanitary principles or injurious to health.
INTERCEPTOR – A receptacle designed and constructed to intercept or separate, and prevent the passage of oil, grease, sand, or other materials into the drainage system to which it is directly or indirectly connected.
INVERT – The lowest portion of the inside of any pipe conduit that is not vertical.
LATERAL – In plumbing, a secondary pipeline. On average, a common sewer to which no other common sewer is tributary receives sewage only from building sewers.
LATRINE – A water closet consisting of a continuous though containing water. The trough extends under two (2) or more adjacent seats. Prohibited by most authorities for permanent installations.
LAVATORY – A fixture designed for the washing of the hands or face. Sometimes called a wash basin.
LEACHING CESSPOOL – A cesspool that is not watertight.
LENGTH OF PIPE – The length as measured along.
LOCAL VENT – A pipe or shaft serving to convey foul air from a plumbing fixture or a room to the outer air.
LOOP OR CIRCUIT VENT – A continuation of a horizontal soil or waste pipe beyond the connection at which liquid wastes from a fixture or fixtures enter the waste or soil pipe. The extension is usually vertical immediately beyond its connection to the soil or waste pipe. The base of the vertical portion of the vent may be connected to the horizontal portion of the soil or waste stack between fixtures connected thereto.
MAIN – The main of any system of continuous piping is the principal artery of the system, to which branches may be connected.
MANHOLE – An opening constructed in a sewer or any part of a plumbing system of sufficient size for a man to gain access thereto.
MASTER PLUMBER – A person with knowledge of and experience in plumbing who employs journeymen plumbers or who conducts a plumbing business.
OAKUM – Hemp or old hemp rope soaked in oil to make it waterproof.
OCCUPANCY – Occupancy is the purpose for which a building is used or intended to be used. The term shall also include the building or room housing such use. Change of Occupancy is not intended to include change of tenants or proprietors.
PERSON – A natural person, his heirs, executors, administrators, it’s or their successor or assigns, or the agent of any of the aforesaid.
PITCH – See grade.
PLUMBING – The art and technique of installing in buildings the pipes, fixtures, and other apparatuses for bringing in the water supply, liquids, substances or ingredients and removing them and such water, liquid, and other carried-wastes affecting health and sanitation and hazardous to life and property; also the pipes and fixtures after they have been installed, i.e. the plumbing system.
PLUMBING FIXTURE – A receptacle attached to a plumbing system other than a trap in which water or wastes may be collected or retained for ultimate discharge into the plumbing system.